Oxide Powder

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a composition of indium, tin, and oxygen. It can be either represented as a ceramic or alloy, it only depends on the oxygen content.   It is now known that non-stoichiometric and doped films of oxides of tin, indium, cadmium, zinc and their various alloys manifest high transmittance and nearly metallic conductivity is achievable. However, tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) has high transmittance and conductivity.

Indium tin oxide powder (ITO) is an optoelectronic material that is applied widely in both research and industry. ITO can be utilized for many applications, for example, flat-panel displays, smart windows, polymer-based electronics, thin-film photovoltaics, glass doors of supermarket freezers, and architectural windows. Moreover, ITO thin films for glass substrates can be applied for glass windows to conserve energy.

Indium tin oxide powder is often employed to make transparent conductive coating for displays, for instance, liquid crystal displays, plasmas displays, touch panels, flat panel display, and electronic ink applications. Thin films of ITO are also utilized in solar cells, antistatic coatings, and EMI shielding. In organic light-emitting diodes, ITO is applied as the anode (hole injection layer) and ITO films deposited on windshields are used for defrosting aircraft windshields.

Indium tin oxide powder is also used for various optical coatings, optical coatings,   most notably infrared-reflecting coatings (hot mirrors) for automotive, and sodium vapor lamp glasses. Other uses include anti-reflective coatings, gas sensors, electrowetting on dielectrics, and Bragg reflectors for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers.  ITO is also employed as the IR reflector for Low-E window panes and ITO was also used as a sensor coating in the later Kodak DCS cameras.

Indium tin oxide powder is applied to dope germanium to make transistors. In addition, it is also employed to make other electrical components for instance rectifiers, thermistors, and photoconductors. Indium can be used to make mirrors that are as reflective as silver mirrors but do not tarnish as quickly. Indium is also used to manufacture low melting alloys and indium-tin-oxide thin films are utilized for liquid crystal displays (LCDs).