Chlorides

Nanoshel’s Tin Chloride, also known as stannous chloride, is a white crystalline solid. Soldering scrap, generated in large quantities by modern electronic industry, is basically lead-free but contains significant concentrations of copper and silver. This is a valuable raw material, and high purity tin can be obtained by electrolytic refining. There are a number of advantages in applying pure hydrochloric acid–tin chloride media, if the difficulties of solution stability, electrolytic efficiency and deposit morphology can be overcome. The tendency of Tin chloride oxidation and precipitation can be overcome by properly controlling the concentration of the main components in the electrolyte solution. The virtual cathodic current efficiency can be increased close to the theoretical value by optimizing the composition of the electrolyte solution, the applied apparent current density and the technological parameters of the PCR (periodical current reversal) electric supply

Nanoshel’s Tin Chloride sensitization is growing due to its economic and tunable capacity for precise, controllable nanoscale metallization of surfaces on various substrates used in microcircuits, electronics, solar cells, and catalysts. selective electroless metallization of patterned polymer films for fabrication of electrical interconnects, plasma-etch-resistant masks, and diffusion barriers in electronics. Used Tin chloride as both reducing and stabilizing agent to synthesize platinum (Pt) catalytic clusters with less than 20 atoms. Tin/silver (Ti/Ag) catalyst has been used as an economic replacement for tin/palladium (Ti/Pd) catalyst in electroless plating of silver and copper on epoxy-based polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) films.

Lithium ion charge-discharge property of Tin chloride hollow nanocubes. Tin chloride is one of the best-known anode materials for lithium-ion battery application because of its high lithiation-delithiation capacity. Hollow nanostructures with high surface area are preferred, because they accommodate large volume changes and maintain the structural stability of electrode materials during charge-discharge cycles. The Tin chloride hollow cubes made in this study had a discharge capacity of up to 1783 mA h g(-1) for the initial cycle and 546 mA h g(-1) after 30 cycles at a current density of 0.2 C between 0.02 and 2.0 V (vs Li/Li(+))

A solution of Tin chloride containing a little hydrochloric acid is used for the tin-plating of steel, in order to make tin cans. An electric potential is applied, and tin metal is formed at the cathode via electrolysis. Nanoshel’s Tin Chloride is used as a mordant in textile dyeing because it gives brighter colours with some dyes e.g. cochineal. This mordant has also been used alone to increase the weight of silk. It is used as a catalyst in the production of the plastic polylactic acid (PLA). It also finds a use as a catalyst between acetone and hydrogen peroxide to form the tetrameric form of acetone peroxide.

Nanoshel’s Tin Chloride, stannous chloride dehydrate Colourless or white crystals, odourless or having slight odour of hydrochloric acid. Soluble in water in less than its own weight of water, but it forms an insoluble basic salt with excess water; soluble in ethanol. Heat 5 g of the sample to 40o in a mixture of 5 ml of water and 5 ml of hydrochloric acid. The sample should dissolve completely, and the solution should be clear.