Silicon Nanopowder: Silicon is a key material for microelectronics industry. In contrast to its extensive use in electronic device, bulk silicon has limited optoelectronic application due to indirect nature of its band gap. However, the up growth of nanotechnology has triggered many possible avenues for the applications of nanostructured silicon. Heavy-metal-free nanoscale silicon has been investigated in depth for its unparalleled physical and chemical properties such as the feasibility for surface functionalization, size-dependent tunable multicolor light emission, stability against photo bleaching and intriguingly, favorable nontoxicity.

Silicon Nanopowder: As a stable solid support for such molecules or biomolecular conjugates they have opened the door to applications in sensors, drug delivery system, and smart materials. Silica nanoparticles can be used as building blocks in layered architecture of proteins on electrodes. It can be expected that the particle size and the surface charge of the used silica nanoparticles play a key role in modulating the properties of such multilayer architectures.

Silicon Nanopowder: The size-dependent phenomenon and other excellent properties, the morphologies and dimensions of Si nanocrystals must be well controlled either by synthetic approaches or subsequent analytical size-selected methods. The morphologies and sizes have been successfully regulated particularly in many narrow band gap II–VI, IV–VI, III–V semiconductor nanoparticles. In spite of showing high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency, the surface oxidation of silicon nanoparticles (Si NPs) inhibits it from commercial applications. It has been observed that the air oxidation of hydrogen terminated Si-NPs decreases their PL intensity and causes a blue shift in their emission spectrum.

Silicon Nanopowder: Due to the low PL quantum yield (QY) of amorphous Si NPs, which is less than 2%, most researches focused on the size-dependent and efficient PL of Si nanocrystals. The special optical properties, including bright emission, photo-stability, size-dependent and wavelength-tunable luminescence, and long fluorescence lifetime make them suitable for many applications.

Silicon Nanopowder: Si NPs exhibit fascinating electronic and optical properties compared with bulk silicon and have been investigated in depth for photovoltaic applications. For lithium ion battery applications, silicon formulations such as silicon nanowires, silicon nanotubes and micro porous silicon nanoparticles have been widely investigated to overcome the disappointing shortcomings of previous silicon anodes. Despite the change in nanostructure, researchers have ceaselessly been searching for novel candidate anode materials featuring higher Li-ion storage and stronger rechargeable capability to serve as substitutes for low charge-stored carbon based anodes.